this shot is called an establishing shot, this type of shot does not need to have people in it, but merely the place were the scene is going to happen, this type of shot can be used in many different ways, it can create happy fillings about a place, (like a beach with the sea) or maybe sad/ scary emotions (a haunted mansion).
This is shot is called a long shot (LS). it is used to show a character while keeping the whole figure in the shot, it also keeps a lot of the surounding environment in the shot as well, which can be used for editing.
A medium long shot (MLS) is basically the same as a long shot, but it shows the person as well as the environment in more detail.
This shot is called a 3/4 shot, again is similar to a MLS but is more close up. this type of shot along with a medium shot are good for such scenes as interviews and news reports.
this is a medium shot (MS). in this shot, you can see a character in a lot more detail, you can also see and text that may be in the background or any features on the character you may not have been able to see from a LS etc....
this shot is called a medium close up (MCU). this type of shot is to show the key features of the the shot in more detail such as face expressions.
a close up shot (CUS) is almost exactly the same as a MCU but a bit more zoomed in more on the face of the character which shows faceual expressions in even more detail.
a extreme close up (ECU) is not very well used but is used purely to show all the features of a person in a high amount of detail. there is no to little room for anything else in the shot (besides the background).
the final shot i will talk about is over the shoulder shot. it can be used to make characters look as if they are talking to each other. you can switch between both characters shoulders, one after the other to make the shot look more as the characters are talking to each other
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